| Yeterlilik Kodu | TR0030011233 | |
| Yeterlilik Adı | Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Lisans Diploması | |
| Sorumlu Kurum | Balıkesir Üniversitesi | |
| Sorumlu Kurum İletişim Bilgisi | Balıkesir Üniversitesi Çağış Yerleşkesi (Bigadiç yolu üzeri 17. km) 10145, BALIKESİR | |
| Sorumlu Kurum URL | http://www.balikesir.edu.tr/ | |
| Yönelim | Akademik | |
| AYÇ Seviyesi | 6 | Yeterlilik TYÇ’ye yerleştirilmemiştir. |
| TYÇ Seviyesi | 6 | |
| Sınıflandırma (Tematik Alan) | Okul öncesi öğretmenleri için eğitim | |
| Sınıflandırma (Meslek Kodu) | - | |
| Kategori | Ana | |
| Kredi Değeri | 240 | |
| Programın Normal Süresi | 4 | |
| Program Profili (Amaç) | Okulöncesi Öğretmenliği Programı Eğitim Fakültesi Temel Eğitim Bölümü içerisinde yer alan bir lisans programıdır. Dersler kuramsal ve uygulamalı olarak yürütülmektedir. Uygulamalı dersler ise Eğitim Fakültesi ve İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü işbirliğinde bağımsız anaokulu ve anasınıflarında Uygulama Öğretim Elemanı ve Uygulama Öğretmeni gözetiminde gerçekleştirilmektedir. Lisans mezunları, yurtiçi ve yurtdışında yine okul öncesi dönem çocuklarına hizmet veren özel eğitim kurumlarında görev yapabilmektedir. | |
| Öğrenme Ortamları | - | |
| Öğrenme Kazanımları (Tanım) |
| |
| Anahtar Yetkinlikler | - | |
| Ölçme ve Değerlendirme Yöntemleri | - | |
| Kalite Güvencesi | - | |
| Giriş Şartı | - | |
| Başarma Şartları | Öğrencinin 4.00 not değerlendirmesi üzerinden en az 2.00'lık dereceye sahip olması ve hiçbir dersten kalmamış olması gerekmektedir. | |
| İlerleme Yolları (İlişki Türü) | Okul Öğretmenliği'nden mezun olanlar, MEB'e bağlı Anadolu Kız Meslek ve Kız Meslek Liselerine bağlı anasınıfları, resmi (Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı ve Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı) ve özel ilköğretim kurumları bünyesindeki anasınıflarında ve bağımsız anaokullarında çalışabilirler. İsteyenler kendi iş yerlerini açabilirler. | |
| Yasal Dayanağı | - | |
| Geçerlilik Süresi (Varsa) | - | |
| Yeterliliğe Erişim için İnternet Adresi | Adresi Aç | |
TR0030011233
Okulöncesi Öğretmenliği Programı Eğitim Fakültesi Temel Eğitim Bölümü içerisinde yer alan bir lisans programıdır. Dersler kuramsal ve uygulamalı olarak yürütülmektedir. Uygulamalı dersler ise Eğitim Fakültesi ve İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü işbirliğinde bağımsız anaokulu ve anasınıflarında Uygulama Öğretim Elemanı ve Uygulama Öğretmeni gözetiminde gerçekleştirilmektedir. Lisans mezunları, yurtiçi ve yurtdışında yine okul öncesi dönem çocuklarına hizmet veren özel eğitim kurumlarında görev yapabilmektedir.
- Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarına hizmet veren kurumların yapısını ve işleyişini tanır.
- Doğum öncesi ve sonrası anne ve çocuk sağlığına ilişkin kavramları ve çocuklara yönelik temel ilk yardım uygulamalarını tanır.
- Oyunun çocuk gelişimindeki rolünü kavrar ve çocukların gelişim düzeylerine uygun oyunları tanır, çocukların gelişimlerini ve akademik kavram ve becerileri öğrenmelerini destekleyecek oyunları planlar, yönetir ve değerlendirir.
- Bilişsel gelişim, dil gelişimi, sosyal-duygusal gelişim, motor gelişim, cinsel gelişim, benlik gelişimi ve öz-bakım becerilerinin gelişimine ilişkin temel kavram ve kuramları tanır, çocukların bu alanlardaki gelişimiyle ilişkili bireysel ve çevresel faktörleri tanır ve gelişimlerini destekleyici etkinlikler planlar, yürütür ve değerlendirir.
- Okulöncesi dönem çocuklarında yaratıcılığı teşvik etmenin önemini tanır ve drama, sanat, müzik ve çocuk edebiyatı yoluyla çocukların yaratıcılığını destekleyici etkinlikler planlar, yürütür ve değerlendirir.
- Çocuk ruh sağlığı, kişilik ve ahlak gelişimiyle ilişkili kavram ve kuramları tanır, erken çocukluk dönemindeki çocuklarda sıklıkla görülen uyum ve davranış bozuklukları ile bunların değerlendirilmesi ve tedavisine yönelik yöntem ve teknikleri tanır, çocuğun ruh sağlığına ve psikolojik iyi oluşuna etki eden faktörleri ve ruh sağlığını korumaya yönelik uygulamaları tanır.
- Çocukların fiziksel gelişimine ilişkin kavramları ve motor becerilerin gelişim süreçlerini tanır, fiziksel ve motor becerilerin gelişimini destekleyecek gelişimsel olarak uygun etkinlikler planlar, yürütür ve değerlendirir.
- Çocuk gelişimi ve eğitimi araştırmalarında kullanılan bilimsel araştırma yöntem ve tekniklerini tanır, bir problemi çözmek üzere araştırma planlar, veri toplar, verileri nitel ve nicel tekniklerle analiz eder, sonuçları yorumlar ve raporlaştırır.
- Çocukların gelişimsel ve akademik kavram ve becerileri kazanmaları ve yapılandırmalarına yönelik gelişimsel olarak uygun öğretim yöntem ve tekniklerini tanır, bu yöntem ve teknikleri kullanarak etkinlikler ve materyaller geliştirir, uygular ve değerlendirir.
- Okul öncesi programının içeriğini ve özelliklerini tanır, programa uygun günlük ve yıllık planlar hazırlar.
- Çocukların hedeflenen kavram, beceri ve tutumlara ulaşıp ulaşmadığını belirlemede kullanılan gelişimsel olarak uygun değerlendirme yaklaşım ve tekniklerini tanır, bu yaklaşım ve teknikleri kullanır, çocuğa ilişkin değerlendirme sonuçlarını raporlar ve ilgili kişi ve kurumlarla paylaşır.
- İlkokul programını tanır, çocukların ilkokula hazırbulunuşluklarını değerlendirme ve desteklemeye yönelik uygulamaları tanır, ilkokula hazırbulunuşluğu destekleyecek etkinlikleri planlar, uygular ve değerlendirir.
- Özel gereksinimli çocukların özelliklerini ve bu çocuklara yönelik verilen hizmetleri tanır, özel gereksinimli çocukların gelişimlerini desteklemeye yönelik etkinlikler planlar.
- Çocuklarda bilim ve matematik kavramlarına ilişkin anlayışların gelişimine ilişkin kuramları tanır, çocukların bilimsel ve matematiksel kavramlara ilişkin anlayışları ile bilimsel ve matematiksel düşünme becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik etkinlikleri planlar, yürütür ve değerlendirir.
- Okumaya ve yazmaya yönelik öncül becerileri ve becerilerin gelişimine ilişkin kuramları tanır, çocuklarda bu becerilerin gelişimini destekleyecek etkinlikler planlar, yürütür ve değerlendirir.
- Anne ve babalara çocukların gelişimi ve eğitimi ile ilgili konularda rehberlik eder.
- Erken çocukluk eğitiminin dünyadaki ve ülkemizdeki tarihsel gelişimi, sosyolojik ve felsefi temelleri ile erken çocukluk eğitimine yönelik klasik ve çağdaş kuram ve yaklaşımları tanır.
- Erken çocukluk dönemi ve eğitimiyle ilgili toplumsal sorunlara duyarlılık gösterir, bu sorunlara bireysel ve takım çalışması yoluyla çözüm üretir, mesleki ve etik ilkelere uygun davranır.
- Türkçeyi ve bir yabancı dili etkin bir şekilde sözlü ve yazılı iletişim kurmada kullanır, alanına ve mesleğine ilişkin yerli ve yabancı kaynakları inceler ve değerlendirir, bilişim teknolojilerini ve yazılımlarını eğitim ve mesleki amaçlı kullanır ve genel kültür konuları hakkında bilgi sahibidir.
Okul Öğretmenliği'nden mezun olanlar, MEB'e bağlı Anadolu Kız Meslek ve Kız Meslek Liselerine bağlı anasınıfları, resmi (Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı ve Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı) ve özel ilköğretim kurumları bünyesindeki anasınıflarında ve bağımsız anaokullarında çalışabilirler. İsteyenler kendi iş yerlerini açabilirler.
| Qualification Code | TR0030011233 | |
| Qualification Title | Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Undergraduate | |
| Awarding Body | Balıkesir University | |
| Awarding Body Contact | Balıkesir University Çağış Campus (17th km on Bigadiç road) 10145, BALIKESIR | |
| Awarding Body Url | http://www.balikesir.edu.tr/ | |
| Orientation | Academic | |
| EQF Level | 6 | The Qualification hasn't been included in TQF. |
| TQF Level | 6 | |
| Thematic Areas | Training for pre-school teachers | |
| National Occupation Classification | - | |
| Category | Main | |
| Credit Value | 240 | |
| Program Duration | 4 | |
| Program Profile | - | |
| Learning Environments | - | |
| Description | Recognize the structure and the functions of the institutions serving children in early childhood years. Recognize the concepts related to mother and child health before and after birth and first aid procedures for children.Understand the role of play in child development, recognize the developmentally appropriate play activities, plan, manage and evaluate play activities to support child development and their learning of academic concepts and skills.Recognize the fundamental concepts and theories about cognitive, language, socio-emotional, motor, sexual and personality development and self- care skills, recognize the personal and environmental factors related to these developmental areas and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support children’s development.Recognize the importance of encouraging creativity in early childhood children and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the creativity of children using drama, arts, music and children’s literature.Recognize concepts and theories about child mental health, personality and moral development, recognize adaptation problems and behavioral problems frequently seen in early childhood years and evaluation and treatment methods and techniques commonly used to address these problems, recognize factors affecting children’s mental health and their psychological well-being and practices to protect children’s mental health.Recognize concepts about physical development of children, developmental process of motor abilities, plan, manage, and evaluate developmentally appropriate activities supporting the development of physical and motor abilities.Recognize scientific research methods and techniques used in child development and education research, plan a research to solve a problem, collect data, analyze data using qualitative and quantitative techniques, interpret the findings and report the results.Recognize the developmentally appropriate instructional methods and techniques used in helping children in acquiring and constructing developmental and academic skills and concepts, develop, implement and evaluate activities and materials by using these methods and techniques.Recognize and list the content and the characteristics of early childhood curriculum, prepare daily and yearly plans aligned with the curriculum.Recognize developmentally appropriate assessment approaches and techniques used to determine whether children have reached to targeted concepts, skills and attitudes, use these approaches and techniques, report the assessment results and share the results with relevant persons and institutions.Recognize the elementary school curriculum and practices to assess and support children’s school readiness, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support school readiness. Recognize the characteristics of children with special needs and services for these children, plan activities to support the development of children with special needs.Recognize the theories about the development of scientific and mathematical concepts in children, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of scientific and mathematical concepts and thinking skills in children.Recognize the emergent literacy skills and theories about the development of these skills, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of these skills.Guide parents about the development and education of their children.Recognize the history of early childhood education in our country and in the World, its sociological and philosophical foundations, and classical and contemporary theories and approaches about the early childhood education.Sensitive to the social problems related to education of young children, generate solutions through individual and group works, and foll | |
| Key Competencies | - | |
| Further Info | or each course taken, the student is given one of the following grades by the lecturer. The letter grades, grade points, and percentage equivalents are given below:Grades in Numeric System Grades in Credits System84-100 AA 4.0077-83 AB 3.7071-76 BA 3.3066-70 BB 3.0061-65 BC 2.7056-60 CB 2.3050-55 CC 2.0046-49 CD 1.7040-45 DC 1.3033-39 DD 1.000-32 FF 0.00GRADING SCHEME DESCRIPTION85-100 Excellent70-84 Good60-69 Pass0-59 Fail1.Recognize the structure and the functions of the institutions serving children in early childhood years. 2.Recognize the concepts related to mother and child health before and after birth and first aid procedures for children.3.Understand the role of play in child development, recognize the developmentally appropriate play activities, plan, manage and evaluate play activities to support child development and their learning of academic concepts and skills.4.Recognize the fundamental concepts and theories about cognitive, language, socio-emotional, motor, sexual and personality development and self- care skills, recognize the personal and environmental factors related to these developmental areas and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support children’s development.5.Recognize the importance of encouraging creativity in early childhood children and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the creativity of children using drama, arts, music and children’s literature.6.Recognize concepts and theories about child mental health, personality and moral development, recognize adaptation problems and behavioral problems frequently seen in early childhood years and evaluation and treatment methods and techniques commonly used to address these problems, recognize factors affecting children’s mental health and their psychological well-being and practices to protect children’s mental health.7.Recognize concepts about physical development of children, developmental process of motor abilities, plan, manage, and evaluate developmentally appropriate activities supporting the development of physical and motor abilities.8.Recognize scientific research methods and techniques used in child development and education research, plan a research to solve a problem, collect data, analyze data using qualitative and quantitative techniques, interpret the findings and report the results.9.Recognize the developmentally appropriate instructional methods and techniques used in helping children in acquiring and constructing developmental and academic skills and concepts, develop, implement and evaluate activities and materials by using these methods and techniques.10.Recognize and list the content and the characteristics of early childhood curriculum, prepare daily and yearly plans aligned with the curriculum. 11.Recognize developmentally appropriate assessment approaches and techniques used to determine whether children have reached to targeted concepts, skills and attitudes, use these approaches and techniques, report the assessment results and share the results with relevant persons and institutions. 12.Recognize the elementary school curriculum and practices to assess and support children’s school readiness, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support school readiness. 13.Recognize the characteristics of children with special needs and services for these children, plan activities to support the development of children with special needs. 14.Recognize the theories about the development of scientific and mathematical concepts in children, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of scientific and mathematical concepts and thinking skills in children. 15.Recognize the emergent literacy skills and theories about the development of these skills, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of these skills.16.Guide parents about the development and education of their children.17.Recognize the history of early childhood education in our country and in the World, its sociological and philosophical foundations, and classical and contemporary theories and approaches about the early childhood education.18.Sensitive to the social problems related to education of young children, generate solutions through individual and group works, and follow the professional and ethical principles.19.Use Turkish and a foreign language efficiently in verbal and written communications, follow and review academic and professional publications in Turkish and other languages, use computer technology and software for educational and professional purposes, have extensive general knowledge. | |
| Quality Assurance | - | |
| Access Requirements | High school diploma. Placement through a nation-wide Student Selection Examination (YGS-LYS) | |
| Conditions for Success | 1.Recognize the structure and the functions of the institutions serving children in early childhood years. 2.Recognize the concepts related to mother and child health before and after birth and first aid procedures for children.3.Understand the role of play in child development, recognize the developmentally appropriate play activities, plan, manage and evaluate play activities to support child development and their learning of academic concepts and skills.4.Recognize the fundamental concepts and theories about cognitive, language, socio-emotional, motor, sexual and personality development and self- care skills, recognize the personal and environmental factors related to these developmental areas and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support children’s development.5.Recognize the importance of encouraging creativity in early childhood children and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the creativity of children using drama, arts, music and children’s literature.6.Recognize concepts and theories about child mental health, personality and moral development, recognize adaptation problems and behavioral problems frequently seen in early childhood years and evaluation and treatment methods and techniques commonly used to address these problems, recognize factors affecting children’s mental health and their psychological well-being and practices to protect children’s mental health.7.Recognize concepts about physical development of children, developmental process of motor abilities, plan, manage, and evaluate developmentally appropriate activities supporting the development of physical and motor abilities.8.Recognize scientific research methods and techniques used in child development and education research, plan a research to solve a problem, collect data, analyze data using qualitative and quantitative techniques, interpret the findings and report the results.9.Recognize the developmentally appropriate instructional methods and techniques used in helping children in acquiring and constructing developmental and academic skills and concepts, develop, implement and evaluate activities and materials by using these methods and techniques.10.Recognize and list the content and the characteristics of early childhood curriculum, prepare daily and yearly plans aligned with the curriculum. 11.Recognize developmentally appropriate assessment approaches and techniques used to determine whether children have reached to targeted concepts, skills and attitudes, use these approaches and techniques, report the assessment results and share the results with relevant persons and institutions. 12.Recognize the elementary school curriculum and practices to assess and support children’s school readiness, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support school readiness. 13.Recognize the characteristics of children with special needs and services for these children, plan activities to support the development of children with special needs. 14.Recognize the theories about the development of scientific and mathematical concepts in children, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of scientific and mathematical concepts and thinking skills in children. 15.Recognize the emergent literacy skills and theories about the development of these skills, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of these skills.16.Guide parents about the development and education of their children.17.Recognize the history of early childhood education in our country and in the World, its sociological and philosophical foundations, and classical and contemporary theories and approaches about the early childhood education.18.Sensitive to the social problems related to education of young children, generate solutions through individual and group works, and follow the professional and ethical principles.19.Use Turkish and a foreign language efficiently in verbal and written communications, follow and review academic and professional publications in Turkish and other languages, use computer technology and software for educational and professional purposes, have extensive general knowledge.A student is required to have a minimum CGPA of 2.00/4.00 and no failing grades. | |
| Progression Paths (Relationship Type) | The alumnies of preschool teaching department can work at High Vocational Schools and preschool classes of these institutions, kindergartens and preschool classes of primary schools under the control of governmental institutions (Ministry of National Education and Ministry of Family and Social Policies). The alumnies can also establish their own kindergartens or preschools. | |
| Legal Basis | - | |
| Validity Period (If Any) | Qualification is continuous | |
| Url | Open Address | |
TR0030011233
Recognize the structure and the functions of the institutions serving children in early childhood years. Recognize the concepts related to mother and child health before and after birth and first aid procedures for children.Understand the role of play in child development, recognize the developmentally appropriate play activities, plan, manage and evaluate play activities to support child development and their learning of academic concepts and skills.Recognize the fundamental concepts and theories about cognitive, language, socio-emotional, motor, sexual and personality development and self- care skills, recognize the personal and environmental factors related to these developmental areas and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support children’s development.Recognize the importance of encouraging creativity in early childhood children and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the creativity of children using drama, arts, music and children’s literature.Recognize concepts and theories about child mental health, personality and moral development, recognize adaptation problems and behavioral problems frequently seen in early childhood years and evaluation and treatment methods and techniques commonly used to address these problems, recognize factors affecting children’s mental health and their psychological well-being and practices to protect children’s mental health.Recognize concepts about physical development of children, developmental process of motor abilities, plan, manage, and evaluate developmentally appropriate activities supporting the development of physical and motor abilities.Recognize scientific research methods and techniques used in child development and education research, plan a research to solve a problem, collect data, analyze data using qualitative and quantitative techniques, interpret the findings and report the results.Recognize the developmentally appropriate instructional methods and techniques used in helping children in acquiring and constructing developmental and academic skills and concepts, develop, implement and evaluate activities and materials by using these methods and techniques.Recognize and list the content and the characteristics of early childhood curriculum, prepare daily and yearly plans aligned with the curriculum.Recognize developmentally appropriate assessment approaches and techniques used to determine whether children have reached to targeted concepts, skills and attitudes, use these approaches and techniques, report the assessment results and share the results with relevant persons and institutions.Recognize the elementary school curriculum and practices to assess and support children’s school readiness, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support school readiness. Recognize the characteristics of children with special needs and services for these children, plan activities to support the development of children with special needs.Recognize the theories about the development of scientific and mathematical concepts in children, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of scientific and mathematical concepts and thinking skills in children.Recognize the emergent literacy skills and theories about the development of these skills, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of these skills.Guide parents about the development and education of their children.Recognize the history of early childhood education in our country and in the World, its sociological and philosophical foundations, and classical and contemporary theories and approaches about the early childhood education.Sensitive to the social problems related to education of young children, generate solutions through individual and group works, and foll
or each course taken, the student is given one of the following grades by the lecturer. The letter grades, grade points, and percentage equivalents are given below:Grades in Numeric System Grades in Credits System84-100 AA 4.0077-83 AB 3.7071-76 BA 3.3066-70 BB 3.0061-65 BC 2.7056-60 CB 2.3050-55 CC 2.0046-49 CD 1.7040-45 DC 1.3033-39 DD 1.000-32 FF 0.00GRADING SCHEME DESCRIPTION85-100 Excellent70-84 Good60-69 Pass0-59 Fail1.Recognize the structure and the functions of the institutions serving children in early childhood years. 2.Recognize the concepts related to mother and child health before and after birth and first aid procedures for children.3.Understand the role of play in child development, recognize the developmentally appropriate play activities, plan, manage and evaluate play activities to support child development and their learning of academic concepts and skills.4.Recognize the fundamental concepts and theories about cognitive, language, socio-emotional, motor, sexual and personality development and self- care skills, recognize the personal and environmental factors related to these developmental areas and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support children’s development.5.Recognize the importance of encouraging creativity in early childhood children and plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the creativity of children using drama, arts, music and children’s literature.6.Recognize concepts and theories about child mental health, personality and moral development, recognize adaptation problems and behavioral problems frequently seen in early childhood years and evaluation and treatment methods and techniques commonly used to address these problems, recognize factors affecting children’s mental health and their psychological well-being and practices to protect children’s mental health.7.Recognize concepts about physical development of children, developmental process of motor abilities, plan, manage, and evaluate developmentally appropriate activities supporting the development of physical and motor abilities.8.Recognize scientific research methods and techniques used in child development and education research, plan a research to solve a problem, collect data, analyze data using qualitative and quantitative techniques, interpret the findings and report the results.9.Recognize the developmentally appropriate instructional methods and techniques used in helping children in acquiring and constructing developmental and academic skills and concepts, develop, implement and evaluate activities and materials by using these methods and techniques.10.Recognize and list the content and the characteristics of early childhood curriculum, prepare daily and yearly plans aligned with the curriculum. 11.Recognize developmentally appropriate assessment approaches and techniques used to determine whether children have reached to targeted concepts, skills and attitudes, use these approaches and techniques, report the assessment results and share the results with relevant persons and institutions. 12.Recognize the elementary school curriculum and practices to assess and support children’s school readiness, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support school readiness. 13.Recognize the characteristics of children with special needs and services for these children, plan activities to support the development of children with special needs. 14.Recognize the theories about the development of scientific and mathematical concepts in children, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of scientific and mathematical concepts and thinking skills in children. 15.Recognize the emergent literacy skills and theories about the development of these skills, plan, manage, and evaluate activities to support the development of these skills.16.Guide parents about the development and education of their children.17.Recognize the history of early childhood education in our country and in the World, its sociological and philosophical foundations, and classical and contemporary theories and approaches about the early childhood education.18.Sensitive to the social problems related to education of young children, generate solutions through individual and group works, and follow the professional and ethical principles.19.Use Turkish and a foreign language efficiently in verbal and written communications, follow and review academic and professional publications in Turkish and other languages, use computer technology and software for educational and professional purposes, have extensive general knowledge.
High school diploma. Placement through a nation-wide Student Selection Examination (YGS-LYS)
The alumnies of preschool teaching department can work at High Vocational Schools and preschool classes of these institutions, kindergartens and preschool classes of primary schools under the control of governmental institutions (Ministry of National Education and Ministry of Family and Social Policies). The alumnies can also establish their own kindergartens or preschools.
Qualification is continuous